vannier



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. H. VANNIBR. GOKE 0VBN.

No. 537,872. PatentedApr. 23, 1895.

- vemr Patented Apr. 23, 1895.

ATENT FFECEQ CHARLES II. VANNIER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ss1enoR TO THE GRIFFIN WHEEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

COKE-OVEN.

SPECFICATION formng part of Letters Patent No. 537,872, datecl April 23, 1895.

Application fi1ed J'une 28, 1894.

T0 aZZ wh0m it maag concern.

Be it known that I, CHARLES II. VANNIER, a eitizen of the United States, residing in Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented eertain new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens, of whieh the following is a full, elear, and exact description, referenee bein g had to the aeeompanyirig clrawings, forming a part of this speeification.

The invention relates to coke ovens of the bee-hive type.

The primary objeeu of my invention is to construct a simple, eeonomieal and lasting strueture.

A further object of the invention is to produee a high grade of coke in a mueh shorter spaee of time than ether ovens of this type or any other type, and also to utilize an inferior grade of eoal heretofore of praetieally no valne for the purpose, and produce therefrom a good qnality of coke.

Further by my invention, I am enabled to so thoroughly utilize the gases produeecl during -the eoking prooess for the pnrpose of promoting combustion as to reduee the escape of unspent gases into the atmosphere to a minimm.

The invention consists in a coking-oven having substantially a dome-shaperl top and eonstrueted with a series of fiues or openings in the back wall of. the oven, opposite the door, said openings or flues leading at an angle tending npward and terminating in vertica1 flues running downward, inclind air openings leading into said vertical fiues, the latter communieating with a series of paral- 1e1 horizontal fluesrunning under the perforated bottom of the oven and thence into a eommon fiue leacling to the ehimney.

Referenee is to he had to the aecompanying clrawngs, in whieh- Figure 1 is a longitudinal setional elevation of my improved oven; Fig. 2, a seetional plan view, illustrating the arrangement of parallel flues and partitions in the bottom of the oven. Fig; 3 is a cross-sectional eleva tion; Fig. 4, a plan view of the perforated oven bottom or grate, and Fig. 5 is a crossseetional elevation of said perforated bottom showing the form of the perforations therein.

flues a, as also clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3,

and are arranged in the back of the wall opposite the door of the oven, andextend slightly upward and at an angle.

c represents a series of vertieal flues in the rear wall of the oven running downward to a point below the fioor of the same; D, the perforated floor provided with perforations d, and e, a series of parallel horizontal flues arranged under the floor and leading into a common flue 71, the latteroomrnunieating with the ehimney g.

i, i' are inelined air openings looated in the rear wall and leading from the outside of the oven to and eommunieating wth the vertieal flues 0 for the purpose of snpplying the IIGCSFF sary oxygen for the complete and thorongh eombnstion of the gases during the eoking proeess.

m represents the door of the oven for removing the coke therefrom and is intended to be snitably walled 11 p du ring -the operation.

n indicates the opening in the oven dome for introclueing the charge of eoal, and 0 is the plug or cover for elosing said opening.

s designatesa series of parallel horizontal walls or partitions, preferaloly integral with the rear main wall of the oven below the oven bottom and alternately arranged between the vertieal flues c, as elearly shown in Fig. 2, and 8 is a series of parallel horizontal walls or partitions, similarly loeated, and alternating between said walls 3, the partitions or walls 3 and 5 thereby forrning in that portion of the strneture beneath the oven bottom a series of parallel flues e, as llustrated. in Said Fig. 2. The walls s being of a width less than chat of the vertical flues, serve to clivde the gases at a point where the vertical flues disch arge into the parallel flues. Hence eaoh of the vertical flues supplies two of the parallel horizontal flues, thereloy thoroughly and uniformly distributing the gases under the entire area of the oven loottom.

It Will be understoocl that the inolined air openings, which also serve as peepholes, may be provided on the outsicle of the structure wth adjustable covers made of isinglass, or other suitable oovers, or may be providecl with a regulating device, with whieh to oontrol the amount of airwhich is requirecl or desirecl to pass into the vertioal comloustion flues, in order to so regulate the air that it will flow into the combustion flues without passing over the coals, and that eaoh flue may be regulated so as to provide the requisite amount of air to induce the proper heating or burning of the gases in each flue.

Owing to the extreme simplicity of this oonstruction of oven, the coking prooess or operation is readily obvious.

When the oven is charged with bituminous ooal, whioh is supportecl upon the perforated bottom 01 grat'e, the supply Opening 02 is closed; the door m is closed or wallecl up, and the gases or volatile proclucts emanating from the coal pass into the openings or flues a, located immediately above the coal bed, thence slightly upwarcl and into the vertioal flues, the latter being supplied with oxygen to ignite the gases through the medium of the downwardly inclined air openings i, 2". The gases thence pass downwardly ancl into the series of parallel flues 6, by which they are clistriloutecl under the entire area of the bottom of the oven, the non-comloustilolegases only passing into the co1nmon fiue and from thence to the chimney. Thus, the uniform heating of said oven bottom is insured as well aSthe even and uniform burning of the coke, whioh is of prime importance to the value of the product. As soon as the bottom beeomes heated, the burnng of the gases begins in the vertical flues and the coal gives ofl part of its gases or volatile produots through the perforations d, distributed over the surface of the tiles, which latter form the oven bottom. A portion of these gases, which form durin g the ookin g process, escape through the perforations and are ignitecl in the horizontal flues, thus materially aiding in providing a high temperature under the oven ancl insuring very rapid and uniform coking.

The entire oven bottom is so highly and nniformly heated that When the coke is removecl and a fresh supply of ooal is placed thereon, the gases will be driven out of the coal immediately and the process of ooking al: onoe begun, which process aan he oarriecl on indefinitely.

I desire to be understood that changes from the exact construction as illustrated and described may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I desire to claim anti secure loy Letters Patent is 1. A ooking oven having a clome-shapecl top and fiat bottom, a series of straight horizontal flues arranged beneath the bottom ancl communioating With a common transverse fine, a series of straight vertical flues in the rear wall eaoh vertioal fiue havin g direct oommunication with two of said horizontal flues, the inclined flues leading from the tops of the vertcal flues into the oven, and one or more inclined air-passages leading into eaoh vertioal fine, substantially as shown and described.

2. A coking oven, havinga dome-shaped top ancl fiat bottom, a series of parallel partitions a-rranged beneath the bottom providinga se ries of straight flues, eaoh alternate partition extencling to ancl integral with the rear wall of the oven, a series of straight vertioal flues arranged in the rear wall and at the rear of eaoh alterate partition, eaoh vertioal fiue communicating with two horizontal flues beneath the fioor, the flues leading into the oven,an l the air-passages leading into eaoh vertical fine, substantially as shown ancl clescriloed.

3. Acokingoven,havingadome-shaped top, a fiat perforated bottom, a door at the front, and an opening at the top, the series of horizontal flues, the series of vertioal flues com- 111 unicating therewith, theinclined flues leading from the vertical flues into the oven, the air passages leacling into eaoh vertical fine, all of saicl flues being arranged substantially as shown and described.

4. A coke oven provded with openings or flues in the back thereof and leading into vertical flues, air openings communicating with the vertical flues and eaoh of the latter oommunicating with two of the parallel horizontal flues, substantially as set forth.

5. A coke oven provicled Witl1 openings or flues in the back thereof and leadinginto vertical flues, air openings communcating With eaoh of the vertioal flues, the latter communicating with the parallel flues, anrl two series of partitons looated beneath the oven bottom, one series of which forms a solid wall between the pa allel flues, substantially as set forth.

CHARLES ll. VANNIER.

Witnesses:

CHAS. B. BOWEN, M. E. SHIELDS. 

